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Subnetting Calculation

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Subnetting Concept using FLSM    Generally, subnetting is a process to divide a network into multiple small networks. Subnetting helps to maximize IP addressing efficiency by reducing the wastage of IP addresses. FLSM (Fixed Length Subnet Mask) is one of the types of network subnetting. In FLSM the length of each subnetworks is fixed.   Based on the given case, class B address class is used as it is suitable for organizations with large networks likewise in the scenario. Class B network supports up to 65,536 hosts for each block whereby the network address ranges from 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255. The suggested private IP address chosen for the OUM network is 149.76.0.0. OUM consists of 3 faculties and 1 IT center where the OnlineLearning System server is located. Every faculty and IT center has their own particular network address. Steps for subnetting network using FLSM includes, first is finding the number of bits borrowed from host ID. Total number of subnet help to ...
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OSI Layer Model

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 Data Encapsulation When the OUM’s student is trying to access the OnlineLearning system located in the OUM network facilities using modem connection, the underlying operating system in the student’s computer will transform the request into data or payload. Since the data is made at the Application Layer which is the Layer 7 of OSI Layer Model, specified protocol of formatting the data will be used. Assumed that the student is accessing the OnlineLearning system through a web browser, HTTP requests will be made. The process of encapsulation will take place so that the Application Layer places a header field that contains information such as fonts and screen size and then passes the data to the Presentation Layer which is Layer 6 of OSI Layer Model.       When the data which can be referred as protocol data unit (PDU) on the Application Layer is sent to the next layer, the Presentation Layer will provide a mapping of different syntax which is data will be transla...
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